FORM FOUR BIOLOGY SYLLABUS
- Concept of Growth
- Explain the concept of growth
- Investigate internal and external factors affecting growth in plants and animals
- Mitosis and Growth
- Explain the concept of mitosis
- Illustrate stages of mitosis
- Explain the significance of mitosis in the growth
- Growth and Developmental Stages in Human
- Explain growth and development in human being
- Explain the stages of human post–natal growth and development
- Explain physiological, psychological and behaviour changes associated with growth and development
- Outline factors which affect the rate of physical deterioration of human body and services required to meet the needs of an individual at each stage
- Growth in Flowering Plants
- Explain the concept of seed germination
- Outline changes which occur during seed germination
- Investigate conditions necessary for seed germination
- Carry out practical activities to demonstrate epigeal and hypogeal germination
- Concept of Genetics
- Explain the concept of the genetics
- State common terms used in genetics
- Genetics Materials
- Explain the concept of genetics Materials
- Describe the structure and composition of genetics materials (Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid )
- Differentiate Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) from Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
- Principle of Inheritance, Concept of Inheritance
- Explain the concept of inheritance
- Mendelian Inheritance
- State Mendel’s first law of inheritance
- Illustrate monohybrid crosses and interpret their results of crosses and ratios
- Interpret data from monohybrid experiments to demonstrate mendel’s first law of inheritance
- Illustrate patterns of inheritance that follow mendel’s first law
- Non-Mendelism Inheritance
- Explain concepts of incomplete dominance and Co-dominance
- Illustrate patterns of inheritance that deviates from mendel’s first law of inheritance
- Sex Determination and Inheritance
- Describe the mechanism of sex determination and inheritance
- Explain the concept of sex linked, sex Limited and sex influenced characters
- Explain consequences of sex preference and sex selection
- Variation Among Organisms
- Explain the concept of variation
- Identify variations among organisms
- Give the meaning of continuous and discontinuous variations
- Differentiate continuous from discontinuous variation
- Explain causes of variation among organisms
- Genetic Disorders
- Give the meaning of genetic disorders
- Cite examples of genetic disorders
- Explain the causes and effects of genetic disorders
- Application of Genetics
- Outline application of genetics in everyday life
- Explain the importance of genetics in biological science and related fields
- Kingdom Animalia
- Explain general and distinctive features of the kingdom animalia
- Mention the major phyta of the kingdom animalia
- Phylum Platyhelminthes
- Explain the general and distinctive features of the phylum platyhelminthes
- Describe the structure of organisms under the phylum latyhelminthes
- Explain the advantages and disadvantages taenia (Tapeworm)
- Phylum Aschelminthes (Nematoda)
- Explain general and distinctive features of the phylum aschelminthes
- Describe the structure of organisms under the phylum aschelminthes
- Outline the advantages and disadvantages of roundworms
- Phylum Annelida
- Explain general and distrinctive features of the phylum annelida
- Describe structure of organism under the phylum annelida (Earthworm)
- Explain advantages and disadvantages of lumbricus (Earthworm)
- Phylum Arthropoda
- Explain general and distinctive features of the phylum arthropoda
- Mention classes of the phylum arthropoda
- Cite examples of organisms under each class of the phylum artropoda
- Explain distinctive features of each class of the phylum arthropoda
- Describe structures of representative organisms under each class
- Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the organisms under each class of phylum arthropoda
- Phylum Chordata
- Explain general and distinctive characteristics features of the phylum chordata
- Mention classes of the phylum chordate
- Explain distinctive features of each class of the phylum chordata
- Describe structure of representative organisms in each class of phylum chordata
- Outline the advantages and disadvantages of organisms under each class of phylum chordata
- Concept of Organic Evolution
- Explain the concept of organic evolution
- Theories of the Origin of Life
- Outline the basic ideas about the origin of life
- State the theories of the origin of life
- Theories of Organic Evolution , Lamarckism
- State lamarck’s theory of evolution
- Explain lamarck’s observations and deductions
- Outline merits and demerits of lamarck’s theory of evolution
- Darwinism
- State Darwin’s theory of evolution
- Investigate evidences and application of organic evolution in the real life situation
- Relationship Between HIV, AIDS and STIs
- Distinguish between HIV, AIDS and STIs
- Explain the relationship between HIV and STIs
- Management and Control of HIV/AIDS and STIs
- Outline ways of managing and controlling HIV, AIDS and STIs
- Mention the life skills needed for home based care for PLWHA
- Mention precautions to be taken when handling people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and STIs
- Counseling and Voluntary Testing (CVT)
- Explain the concept of counselling and voluntary testing
- Outline the significance of CVT in the control and prevention of HIV/AIDS and STIs
- Explain the procedures and techniques of CVT for HIV/AIDS